Are You at Risk for Colorectal Cancer?

Because colorectal cancer can develop slowly and without obvious symptoms in its early stages, many people may not realise they have the condition until it has progressed. This is why awareness of risk factors and regular screening are important. Screening tests, such as colonoscopy, can help detect abnormal growths early and allow them to be treated before cancer develops or spreads further.

What Are the Common Risk Factors for Colorectal Cancer?

Certain factors may increase a person’s risk of developing colorectal cancer. These risk factors can be related to age, genetics, medical history or lifestyle habits. While some of these factors cannot be changed, being aware of them can help individuals understand their level of risk and determine whether they may benefit from earlier or regular colorectal cancer screening. Some of the common risk factors include:

Age

The risk of colorectal cancer increases with age. Most cases are diagnosed in people aged 50 and above, although the disease has been known to occur in younger adults.

Family History of Colorectal Cancer

Individuals with a parent, sibling or close relative who has had colorectal cancer may have a higher risk of developing the condition.

Personal Medical History

A history of colorectal polyps or certain digestive conditions may increase the likelihood of developing colorectal cancer, which is why regular monitoring may be recommended.

Lifestyle Factors

Certain lifestyle habits may also influence risk. These include unhealthy dietary patterns, smoking, obesity and lack of physical activity.

How Do Lifestyle Habits Affect Colorectal Cancer Risk?

Certain lifestyle habits may influence the risk of developing colorectal cancer. While not all risk factors can be controlled, adopting healthier habits may help support overall colorectal health. Some lifestyle factors that may increase the risk include:

Diet high in red or processed meats

Diets low in fibre, fruits and vegetables may be associated with a higher risk of colorectal cancer.

Physical inactivity

A sedentary lifestyle may contribute to increased cancer risk and other health conditions.

Obesity or excess body weight

Being overweight has been linked to a higher likelihood of developing colorectal cancer.

Smoking

Tobacco use is associated with an increased risk of several cancers, including colorectal cancer.

Why Is Colorectal Cancer Screening Important?

Colorectal cancer screening plays an important role in detecting abnormalities early and helping prevent cancer from developing or progressing. In many cases, screening tests can identify changes in the colon or rectum before symptoms appear. Screening may help:

• Detect colorectal cancer at an early stage, when treatment is often more effective.
• Identify abnormal growths in the colon or rectum that may require further evaluation.
• Allow doctors to monitor individuals who may have higher risk factors.

One of the most commonly used screening methods is colonoscopy, which allows a doctor to examine the inside of the colon and rectum using a flexible camera. This procedure helps doctors detect abnormalities and determine whether further treatment or monitoring is needed.

When Should You See a Colorectal Specialist?

It may be advisable to consult a colorectal specialist if you have certain risk factors or notice symptoms that could indicate a digestive problem. Early evaluation can help identify potential issues and determine whether further testing or screening is needed. You may consider seeing a colorectal specialist if you:

• Are aged 50 or older, when the risk of colorectal cancer generally increases.
• Have a family history of colorectal cancer or colorectal polyps.
• Have previously been diagnosed with colorectal polyps or certain digestive conditions.
• Experience persistent digestive symptoms, such as blood in the stool, unexplained weight loss or persistent abdominal pain or discomfort.

Meet Our Specialist

Dr Chong Chee Keong Breast, Colorectal and General Surgeon MBBS (Singapore), FRCS (Edinburgh), FRCS (Glasgow), FAMS (Singapore) Specialist Accreditation in Intensive Care Medicine Specialists Accreditation Board, Medical Director & Senior Consultant

Dr Chong Chee Keong is a Breast, Colorectal and General Surgeon with over 20 years of clinical experience. Dual-fellowship-trained and highly accredited, he founded Maven Surgery with a commitment to elevating the standard of care for breast and colorectal cancers, the two most common cancers affecting women and men.

Dr Chong works closely with multidisciplinary teams of surgical, medical and radiation oncologists and remains actively involved in international cancer conferences to stay at the forefront of advancing techniques. He has a strong focus on minimally invasive surgery, recognising the importance of preserving self-image while maintaining treatment safety and effectiveness.

Frequently Asked Questions About Colorectal Cancer Risks