What Are the Risk Factors for Breast Cancer You Should Know?

Common non-modifiable risk factors include:

• Age: Breast cancer risk increases with age, with most cases occurring in women over 40.
• Being female: Breast cancer is significantly more common in women due to long-term exposure to hormones such as oestrogen and progesterone.
• Family history: Having a close relative (such as a mother, sister or daughter) with breast or ovarian cancer may increase risk, especially if multiple relatives are affected.
• Genetic mutations (BRCA1/BRCA2): Inherited gene mutations can significantly raise lifetime breast cancer risk and may require earlier or more frequent screening.
• Personal history of breast cancer or abnormal biopsy findings: A previous breast cancer diagnosis or certain abnormal breast conditions may increase the likelihood of developing breast cancer again.
• Dense breast tissue: Dense breasts may slightly increase breast cancer risk and can also make it harder for mammograms to detect lumps or abnormalities.

If you have one or more of these risk factors, it does not mean you will develop breast cancer, but it may be helpful to consult a specialist for a personalised screening plan.

Modifiable Risk Factors for Breast Cancer

While some breast cancer risk factors cannot be changed, there are several lifestyle-related factors that can reduce or manage your risks. Making healthy adjustments may help lower overall risk and also support better long-term well-being. Common modifiable risk factors include:

• Maintaining a healthy weight and staying physically active: Regular exercise and weight control may help regulate hormone levels, particularly after menopause.
• Alcohol intake: Regular alcohol consumption has been linked to a higher risk of breast cancer, so reducing intake may help lower that risk.
• Smoking: Smoking is associated with multiple cancers and may contribute to breast cancer risk, particularly with long-term exposure.
• Hormone replacement therapy (HRT): Certain types of combined oestrogen-progesterone therapy used over prolonged periods may increase breast cancer risk. Discuss risks and benefits carefully with your doctor.
• Diet and long-term lifestyle habits: A balanced diet rich in vegetables, fruits and whole foods, combined with good sleep and stress management, supports overall health and may play a role in reducing cancer risk.

Even small lifestyle changes can make a meaningful difference over time, especially when paired with regular screening and medical guidance.

Take Early Action Against Breast Cancer with Maven Surgery

Taking early action is one of the most important steps in protecting your breast health. By understanding your risk factors, attending regular screenings and staying alert to unusual breast changes, you can improve the chances of detecting breast cancer early when treatment outcomes are often more favourable.

At Maven Surgery, we provide dedicated breast assessment and personalised care for patients seeking clarity and early intervention. Led by Dr Chong Chee Keong, a Member of the Singapore Medical Association, our clinic is committed to careful evaluation, accurate diagnosis and clear treatment guidance. If you are concerned about a breast lump or other breast changes, contact us today to arrange for a consultation and take the next step with confidence.

Meet Our Specialist

Dr Chong Chee Keong Breast, Colorectal and General Surgeon MBBS (Singapore), FRCS (Edinburgh), FRCS (Glasgow), FAMS (Singapore) Specialist Accreditation in Intensive Care Medicine Specialists Accreditation Board, Medical Director & Senior Consultant

Dr Chong Chee Keong is a Breast, Colorectal and General Surgeon with over 20 years of clinical experience. Dual-fellowship trained and highly accredited, he founded Maven Surgery with a commitment to elevating the standard of care for breast and colorectal cancers, the two most common cancers affecting women and men.

Dr Chong works closely with multidisciplinary teams of surgical, medical and radiation oncologists and remains actively involved in international cancer conferences to stay at the forefront of advancing techniques. He has a strong focus on minimally invasive surgery, recognising the importance of preserving self-image while maintaining treatment safety and effectiveness.